The Legal Value of "Promise Agreements" Made During Marriage or Instruments Used in Family Debts
Documents signed within families and during marriage are initially seen as "just a formality, between us anyway." However, when the matter reaches the law, these documents sometimes... Read More
Defective Performance, Delivery Time, and Protection of the Employer in Construction Contracts
Defective Performance, Delivery Time, and Protection of the Employer in Construction Contracts 1. Introduction: “The Work is There, But This Isn't What Was Expected” A construction contract encompasses both construction... Read More
Obligation to Return in Invalid Contracts
Obligation to Return Contracts: Application within the Framework of Articles 77 et seq. of the Turkish Code of Obligations 1. Introduction One of the most common problems encountered in practice is this: The parties enter into a contract,... Read More
The Law Applicable to Contracts Involving a Foreign Element and General Principles of Contract Law
General Principles of Contract Law and the Law of Obligations Applicable to Contracts Involving a Foreign Element 1. Introduction: When a Contract Crosses Borders, the Question of “Which Law Applies?” International trade,... Read More
Bank/Credit Card Information Theft
1. Introduction: Increased Risks and Legal Responsibilities in Card Payment Systems With digitalization, online shopping, and the development of contactless payment options, banks and... Read More
PETITION FOR INTERFERENCE WITH A COMMON AREA
Petition for Interference with Common Area to the ISTANBUL CIVIL COURT OF PEACE; PLAINTIFF: MA (TR) address REPRESENTATIVE: Attorney Adalet KAZANIR Address: DEFENDANT... Read More
Exorbitant Penalties and Discount Criteria
1. Definition, Legal Basis, and Purpose of Penalty Clauses A penalty clause is a pre-agreed condition stipulated in case the debtor fails to perform their obligation at all or properly... Read More
SAMPLE REPLY TO A REPLY
TO THE ISTANBUL (…) … PRIMARY (CIVIL/COMMERCIAL) COURT* (Jurisdiction, according to the subject of the dispute, Primary Civil/Primary Commercial) FILE NO: …/… PLAINTIFF: Name Surname/Trade Name (TC/Mersis... Read More
NEGATIVE DETERMINATION LAWSUIT (Exchange Rate – Allegations of Fraud)
TO THE ISTANBUL (…) PRIMARY COMMERCIAL COURT* (If the enforcement is based on a negotiable instrument, the competent court is the Primary Commercial Court.) PLAINTIFF: Name Surname (TC …) – Address REPRESENTATIVE: Attorney.... Read More
SAMPLE PETITION FOR COLLECTION OF COMMERCIAL RECEIVABLES (INVOICE AMOUNT)
TO THE TURKISH REPUBLIC [PROVINCE] [ . ] PRIMARY COMMERCIAL COURT (E: …/… — Mediation required as a condition of litigation: yes) PLAINTIFF: [Company Name] (MERSIS: …) Representative: Attorney.... Read More