SAMPLE REPLY TO A REPLY
TO THE ISTANBUL (…) … PRIMARY (CIVIL/COMMERCIAL) COURT* (Jurisdiction, according to the subject of the dispute, Primary Civil/Primary Commercial) FILE NO: …/… PLAINTIFF: Name Surname/Trade Name (TC/Mersis... Read More
NEGATIVE DETERMINATION LAWSUIT (Exchange Rate – Allegations of Fraud)
TO THE ISTANBUL (…) PRIMARY COMMERCIAL COURT* (If the enforcement is based on a negotiable instrument, the competent court is the Primary Commercial Court.) PLAINTIFF: Name Surname (TC …) – Address REPRESENTATIVE: Attorney.... Read More
APPROVAL RECORD (Receivables Arising from Commercial Sales)
TC ……… COMMERCIAL COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE PRINCIPAL NUMBER: …/… E. PLAINTIFF: ……… A.Ş. (TIN/MERSİS: ………) – Address: ………… ATTORNEY: Atty. ………… – Address:... Read More
Rent Determination Lawsuit
Introduction Disputes over rent amounts between tenants and landlords are a common occurrence. Turkish law provides for resolving such disputes... Read More
Lease Termination and Eviction Cases: Legal Process, Conditions, and Practices
Introduction In Türkiye, lease agreements create significant legal obligations and rights for both tenants and landlords. The healthy functioning of a lease relationship depends on the mutual agreement of the parties... Read More
TERMINATION OF JOINT OWNERSHIP
Property rights are one of the most fundamental rights of individuals over their assets. Joint ownership, which is among the various types of ownership regulated in the Turkish Civil Code, is particularly... Read More
WHAT IS A COOPERATIVE? HOW IS IT ESTABLISHED?
Introduction Cooperatives are an important element of economic life in Türkiye. Cooperatives are legal entities established to meet common needs, protect the economic interests of members, and strengthen solidarity... Read More
Definition and Elements of General Average
Definition and Elements of General Average: The Principle of Mutual Sacrifice in Maritime Trade. Maritime trade has been the main driving force of international trade for centuries. However, by sea... Read More
What is a Merger in Commercial Companies?
What is a Merger in Commercial Companies? How is it Done? 💬 Introduction Companies sometimes merge to grow, increase their competitiveness, or reduce costs... Read More
What are the methods for resolving disputes in maritime law?
In general, a large portion of maritime trade takes place via the seas. Therefore, it has been a significant element of international economic relations from the past to the present. Read More