What is auditing in joint-stock companies and how does it work?
Auditing in Joint Stock Companies: Auditing, in its most general definition, is the process of verifying a company's activities, financial data, and managerial decisions against predetermined standards, legal regulations, articles of association... Read More
Is Using Unlicensed Software a Crime? A Guide to Criminal Liability
Is Using Unlicensed Software a Crime? A Guide to Criminal Liability. Is using unlicensed software a crime under Turkish law? Turkish Copyright Law Articles 71 and 72, complaint requirement, prosecution process,... Read More
How should force majeure clauses be regulated in yacht contracts?
How Should Force Majeure Clauses Be Arranged in Yacht Contracts? How should force majeure clauses be arranged in yacht contracts? According to Turkish law, force majeure clauses should be arranged in yacht sales, charter, construction, and... Read More
What happens if a check bounces? What are the legal and criminal consequences?
Introduction One of the most common payment methods in commercial life is the check. Checks are frequently used, especially in commercial transactions, for the payment of goods and services. A check is paid to a bank... Read More
Negotiable Instruments: The Debt Collection Process for Checks, Promissory Notes, and Bills of Exchange
Introduction For commercial transactions to be conducted quickly and reliably, payment methods must be reliable. In commercial transactions, parties often prefer to pay with cash instead of... Read More
Current Account Agreement
Introduction One of the most important characteristics of commercial life is continuous and recurring commercial transactions. This is especially true between merchants, involving the buying and selling of goods, the provision of services, or... Read More
Mandatory Mediation Requirement in Commercial Disputes
Introduction In recent years, a significant reform has been implemented in Türkiye regarding the resolution of commercial disputes, and a mandatory mediation system has been introduced for many commercial cases. This system... Read More
The Evidential Value of Commercial Books
Introduction: A fundamental element of commercial life is a well-organized record-keeping system. For businesses to conduct their operations transparently and auditably, commercial transactions must be recorded... Read More
Disputes Between Company Partners and Lawsuits for Dissolution of the Company for Just Cause
Introduction Commercial companies are structures formed by multiple individuals pooling their capital and labor for the purpose of conducting economic activities. However, the relationship between company partners... Read More
Liability of Limited Liability Company Partners for Company Debts
Introduction Limited companies are one of the most common types of companies in Türkiye. Especially for small and medium-sized enterprises, the limited company model offers both ease of establishment... Read More