Negative Declaratory Action and Objection in Enforcement Proceedings
The Relationship Between Negative Declaratory Actions and Objections in Enforcement Proceedings Introduction One of the most common disputes in commercial life is when a debtor objects to enforcement proceedings directed against them... Read More
Allegations of Fraud in Revenue and Document Examination
Allegations of Forgery in Endorsements and Document Examinations Introduction One of the most important tools ensuring the reliable functioning of commercial life is negotiable instruments. Bills of exchange, promissory notes, and checks... Read More
Denial of Signature and Burden of Proof in Endorsement
Denial of Signature and Burden of Proof in Endorsement Introduction The law of negotiable instruments, with its special rules governing the operation of commercial life based on trust and speed... Read More
Application Cases in Cases Where the Avalist Makes Payment
Application Cases in Case of Payment by the Avalist Introduction Negotiable instruments are among the most frequently used payment and credit instruments in commercial life.... Read More
The Holder's Status in Case of a Broken Chain of Endorsement
Status of the Holder in Case of a Broken Chain of Endorsement Introduction Negotiable instruments (bills of exchange, promissory notes...) are one of the safe and fast payment instruments in commercial life. Read More
Unauthorized Endorsement and Bona Favored Holder
Defense Methods Against a Bona fide holder in Case of Unauthorized Endorsement Introduction The law of negotiable instruments contains special regulations to ensure trust in commercial life... Read More
Rights of the Creditor in an Endorsement for Pledge Purposes
Creditor's Rights in Endorsement for Pledge Purposes Introduction Negotiable instruments law is one of the most important mechanisms ensuring the reliable and efficient functioning of commercial life... Read More
The Difference Between Blank Sales and Full Sales
The Consequences of the Difference Between Blank Endorsement and Full Endorsement in Practice Introduction Bills of exchange, one of the most commonly used negotiable instruments in commercial life, and... Read More
Liability of Multiple Avalists in the Policy
The Liability of Multiple Avalists in a Policy Introduction One of the most important mechanisms ensuring trust in commercial life is negotiable instruments law. In the Turkish Commercial Code (TTK)... Read More
Legal Remedies in Cases of Lack of Authorization to Represent in Insurance Policies
Introduction to Legal Remedies in Cases of Lack of Authority to Represent in Insurance Policies: Insurance policies, which are among the reliable and fast payment methods in commercial life, are a subject of the Turkish Commercial Code... Read More