Investment Sources and Banking Compliance Processes in Germany: AML/KYC Risks (Legal Guide)
This text discusses how banks in Germany conduct source of funds checks under AML/KYC regulations when investing, identity verification under the GwG (Geldwäschegesetz), UBO/Transparenzregister, and PEP – high risk – cryptocurrency... Read More
Jurisdiction in Insurance Disputes: Commercial Court or Civil Court?
Jurisdiction in Insurance Disputes: Commercial Court or Civil Court? 1) Why is "jurisdiction" critical? In insurance disputes, the first and most decisive hurdle is "jurisdiction." Because... Read More
Minority Rights in Joint Stock Companies: Ratios, Terms of Use, Litigation and Audit Procedures (Turkish Commercial Code Guide)
Minority Rights in Joint Stock Companies: Ratios, Terms of Use, Litigation and Audit Procedures (Turkish Commercial Code Guide) What are minority rights in joint stock companies? 10%/5% minority ratio, general... Read More
Annulment of General Assembly Resolutions: Time Limits, Conditions for Filing a Lawsuit, Evidence, and Implementation Strategy
Annulment of General Assembly Resolutions: Time Limits, Filing Requirements, Evidence, and Implementation Strategy. General assembly resolutions cover a wide range of areas, from the company's profit policy and the election of the management body to capital increases... Read More
Notification to Commercial Enterprises: Procedure for Notification to Companies and Traders, E-Notification (UETS) and Irregular Notification Guide (2026)
Notification to Commercial Enterprises: Procedure for Notification to Companies and Traders, E-Notification (UETS) and Irregular Notification Guide (2026) 1) Why is notification to commercial enterprises critical? Notification,... Read More
Types of Cases Heard in Commercial Courts of First Instance: Limits of Commercial Cases and Application Guide (2026)
Types of Cases Heard in Commercial Courts of First Instance: Limits of Commercial Cases and Application Guide (2026) What are the types of cases heard in Commercial Courts of First Instance? Company cases, commercial... Read More
Final Decisions in Commercial Courts: Which Decisions Are Not Subject to Appeal or Cassation? What Are the Monetary Limits? (2026)
Final Decisions in Commercial Courts: Which Decisions Are Not Subject to Appeal and Cassation? What Are the Monetary Limits? (2026) 1) What does "final decision" mean? In commercial litigation, "final decision" means... Read More
How to Establish an Energy Company in Türkiye? (Legal Roadmap + Licensing Processes)
How to Establish an Energy Company in Türkiye? (Legal Roadmap + Licensing Processes) Establishing an energy company in Türkiye cannot be reduced to a single model. Because the energy sector... Read More
Licensing Process for Energy Companies in Türkiye (Electricity – Natural Gas – Oil – LPG)
Licensing Process for Energy Companies in Türkiye (Electricity – Natural Gas – Petroleum – LPG) This process involves license/pre-license applications, necessary permits, and electronic applications for companies wishing to operate in the energy sector in Türkiye... Read More
Company Formation Process and Legal Framework in Türkiye
Company Formation Process and Legal Framework in Türkiye Introduction Türkiye is an attractive country for investors thanks to its geographical location and young population. Especially... Read More